Google support welcome, but intervention needed in news media market failure
PICTURE: AIP Chairperson Anetta Mangxaba speaking at the DNT Fund launch/AIP news conference
The Association of Independent Publishers (AIP) and Google have announced the establishment of a Digital News Transformation Fund (the DNT Fund), to support the sustainability and digital transformation of small, local, and independent news publishers in South Africa through targeted project-based funding.
The establishment of the DNT Fund comes at a critical moment, as news publishers face market failure, the closure of publications and increasing job losses among journalists. This financial injection serves as much-needed oxygen for a sector already described as being in ICU.
Funding is also important for another fundamental reason: NGOs, think tanks and international organisations have clearly demonstrated that the sustainability of democracy is deeply intertwined with the viability of public interest media.
The support for the notion of public interest journalism as a public good is gaining traction globally, with organisations like the International Fund for Public Interest Media playing an increasingly important role. Recently, International Media Support released a detailed study on forms of funding, financing and investment for public interest media.
Financial support for public interest journalism should be welcomed – provided it is guided by clear and common-sense criteria, as persuasively outlined in a 2023 policy paper for the Global Forum for Media Development.
AIP Executive Director Dr Kate Skinner and AIP’s partners should be praised for working tirelessly behind the scenes for over a year to ensure that the governance of the DNT Fund and the distribution of grants adhere to key principles.
These principles were strongly supported by the South African National Editors’ Forum (SANEF), the Press Council and other stakeholders.
Google also deserves recognition for agreeing that membership of the self-regulatory Press Council should be a condition for receiving funding grants
Critics may highlight that the DNT Fund represents only a minuscule fraction of Alphabet’s (Google’s parent company) total reported revenues of $307-billion in 2023, of which 76% came from advertising. However, comparing these funds to Google’s vast revenues is not exactly an appropriate reference point, given that the combined GDP of many nation-states is similarly dwarfed by Google’s annual income.
In the South African context, Google’s commitment of ‘R114-million over three years (R38m a year)’ represents a significant and important starting point. According to AIP and Google, ‘the DNT Fund will provide project-based funding to help small, local and independent news publishers develop and strengthen their digital operations, improve their audience reach and engagement, and enhance the sustainability of their journalism’.
Set to commence in March 2025, the DNT Fund will undoubtedly offer some relief to struggling news publishers. However, this intervention, while necessary, is not sufficient to address the platform-related, systemic market failures that have eroded the viability of news media and, by extension, South Africa’s democratic health.
The timing of the fund’s launch coincides with anticipation of the Competition Commission’s provisional report on the Media and Digital Platforms Market Inquiry (MDPMI). Whether the Commission’s regulatory remedies will impose stricter obligations on digital platforms remains to be seen. However, a stronger response from the Commission is crucial.
Beyond the establishment of journalism funds, there are deeper structural issues that require urgent attention, including:
- Alleged anti-competitive practices by platforms
- The vast power asymmetries between platforms and publishers, and
- The unregulated use of AI crawlers that extract value from expensively produced content without compensating news publishers
In addition, SANEF has asked the Commission to take into account:
- The provision of access to credible news as a public good should be dealt with as a basic human rights issue, not only as a commercial competition issue
- Fair compensation for news in the public interest used on tech platforms, based on the value that they derive from this content
- Prioritisation of credible news (i.e. subscribing to an independent self-regulatory body and an ethical code) by tech platforms and actively using such content as an antidote for mis- and disinformation
- Transparency and sharing of data and algorithms related to news content and related advertising on the tech platforms, as well as data that publishers can use to promote and monetise their content
The Commission’s provisional report, rescheduled for release on 29 November 2024, has faced additional delays and is now expected before year-end.
- Details on governance, eligibility and comments from Google, AIP and others – including information on various grant levels – as well as the launch media statement and background materials can be read here
- This article first appeared here
- The GIBS Media Leadership Think Tank, in partnership with SANEF, the Press Council and AIP, made joint submissions to the Competition Commission’s MDPMI. This engagement underscores the Think Tank’s commitment to the sustainability and integrity of South Africa’s news and information ecosystem
